ENCYCLOPEDIA OF
FREEMASONRY
AND ITS KINDRED SCIENCES

by ALBERT C. MACKEY M. D.

Preface to Revised Edition
By Robert Clegg

No other book of the Masonic Institution and its associations has had the confidence and admiration of the Freemasons of the world as has the justly famous Encyclopedia written by Doctor Mackey. He put into this monumental labor the rich knowledge of an active and earnest Craftsman, a keen student and an acknowledged scholar, a logical and independent thinker, and ever a clear expositor of his loving esteem for the Masonic Institution he served loyally and nobly for many years. The Revisor has conscientiously aimed to faithfully follow Doctor Mackey's example to the very best of his ability and has spared no possible effort to carry out in this revision what it is sincerely believed would have been the purpose of the original author had he lived to undertake the task.

Unity is essential in work of this kind and the Revisor has compiled the information furnished by so many of his Brethren to present a uniformity of method. To do this concisely meant a condensation of very much material even with the enlarged space of this new book. Information came from many sources, with no little repetition. The work of revision has been to bring these, as well as the earlier productions, into strict accord with the latest ascertained facts and to add such comments as would be fully justified by careful independent investigation.

During the years that the Revisor has had the examination and amendment of Doctor Mackey's works in hand, and particularly this Encyclopedia, an undertaking begun for his own personal use long before any thought entered the Revisor's mind as to publishing these memoranda, his personal correspondence grew gradually with Brethren everywhere who were in a position to furnish any desired facts. Many of these have ended their earthly pilgrimage. The Revisor recalls sadly the numerous names of this goodly fellowship who should with the living be mentioned with grateful remembrance for their fraternal encouragement and aid. Reference to all is impossible within the allowable space that may be given for that purpose. Among these Brethren of the past and present are the Grand Secretaries and Grand Recorders of Masonic Bodies, all of whom answered patiently questions that in many instances required special research, and other officials of various State and National organizations, etc., whose intimate association with the historical development of their particular domains was especially valuable. A number of these contributors are gratefully listed below in alphabetical order:

Arizona: George J. Roskruge. Arkansas: Fay Hempstead, Charles E. Rosenhaum.
Alabama: Goorge A. Beauchamp, Oliver D. Street.
California: Joseph E. Morcombe, Perry W. Weidner, John Whicher, Cyrus Meld Willard.
Colorado: Alva Adams, Geo. B. Clark, Wm. W. Cooper, Harry F. Evans, E. L. N. Foster, Charles H. Jacobson.
Connecticut: Charles M. Gerdenier, Geo. A. Kies.
District of Columbia: Geo. W. Baird, Wm_ L. Boyden, John H. Cowles, Arvine W. Johnston, J. Claude Keiper, Geo. Fleming Moore, H. W. Witcover.
Florida: Henry W. Mordhurst, W. P. Webster.
Georgia: Frank F. Baker, W. B. Clark.
Idaho: Curtis V. Pike, Marshall W. Wood.
lllinois: Hal C. McLeod, Owen Scott, George W, Warvelle.
Indiana: Adrian Hamersly, L. F. Newby, Calvin W, Prather, Wm. H. Swintz.
Iowa: Louis Block, C. C. Hunt, Frank S. Moses, Newton R. Parvin, J. H. Tatsch.
Kansas: William M. Shaver, A. X. Wilson.
Kentucky: Rev. Henry R. Coleman, Fred W. Hardwick, Frank H. Johnson.
Louisiana: John A. Davilla,
Maine: Chas. B. Davis.
Maryland: Geo. Cook, Gustav A. Eitel, W. S. Seipp, Thomas J. Shryock.
Massachusettes: Leon Abbott, Charles T, Gallagher, F. NV. Hami[ton, Melvin M. Johnson, Arthur D. Prince, Penjamin W. Rowell.
Michigan: George T. Campbell, Charles A. Conover, Lou B. Winsor.
Minnesota: Jolm W. Finhel, Trevanion W. Hugo.
Mississippi: Edward Faucette, Melville R. Grant.
Missouri: Ray V. Denslow, Frank P, Jesse, Dr. Arthur Matber, R. J. Meekren.
Montana: Luther T. Hauberg, Cornelius Hedges, Jr., R. J. Lemert, E. E. Murray.
Nebraska: Lewis E. Smith, Francis E. White,
Nevada: Frank S. Wag, Edw. D. Vanderlieth, David E. W. Williamson,
New Jersey: lsaac Cherry, Robert A. Shirrefs.
New Mexico: Alpheus A. Keen, Victor L. Minter.
New York: Wm. J. Allen, Chas. A. Brockaway, Edward E. Cautborne, James H. Codding, Edward M. L. Ehlers, Christopher G. Fox, Chas. E. Funk, Geo. W. Gilmore, George. E. Hatch, H. L. HaY_ wood, Robext J. KeDworthy, Ossian Lang, James McGee, Townsend Scudder, Sidney D. Smith, John Lloyd Thomas, Frank H. Vizetelly, P. B. Wright.
New Hampshire: Harry M. Cheney.
North Carolina: J. E. Allen, A. B. Andrews, John C. Drewry, Wm.. W. Willson.
North Dakota: Walter L. Stockwell, F. J. Thompson.
Ohio: Scott Bonham, Frank Bonham, J. H. Bromwell, Chas. F. Henry, H. S. Johnson, Frank H. Marquis, William B. Melish, Dr. Chas. H. Merz, Henry Pirtle, Fred W. Schmerr, T. M. Stewart.
Oklahoma: Wm. M. Anderson.
Oregon: D. R. Cheney, Alfred J. Mokler.
Pennsylvania: Abraham M. Beitler, A.S. Brown, James Isaac Buchanan, A. L. Kress, George B. Orlady, Wm. J. Paterson, John A. Perry, Julius F. Sachse, Edgar F. Smith, John Wanamaker.
Rhode Island: Harold L. McAuslan, S. Penrose Williams.
South Carolina: 0. Frank Hart.
South Dakota: Geo. A. Pettigrew.
Tennessee: Stith M. Cain, Chas. Comstock, James D. Richardson.
Texas: W. B. Pearson,
Utah, Chfi%topher Diehl, S am H. Goodwin, F. A. McCarthy. Vermont: Henry H. Ross.
Virginia: Chas. H. Callahan, James M. Clift, Wm. J. Ford, W. S. Morris, Chas. A. Nesbitt, James H. Price.
Washington: William H. Gorham, W. B. Seymore, Horace W. Tyler.
West Virginia: John M. Collins, Gen. F. Laidley.
Wisconsin: Walter H. Braun, Henry A. Crosby, Geo. C. Nuesse, W. W. Perry, Phil A. Roth, Fred W. Russell, Silas H. Shepherd, Wm. F. Weiler.
Wyoming: Jos. F. Lowndes.

Australia: Sir John A. Cockburn.
Belgium: Count K F. A. Goblet d'Alviella.
Canada: N. W. J. Haydon, John Ross Robertson, Will H. Whyte.
China: Charles S. Lobinger, S. S. Young.
England: Lord Ampthill, Edward Armitage, John Barker, Roderick H. Baxter, Frederick Edward Bristowe, Edward H. Dring, Capt. C. W. Firebrace, Robert Freke Gould, William Hammond, Edward L. Hawkins, Arthur Heiron, G. P. G. Hills, J. Walter Hobbs, Wm. J. Hughan, Rudyard Kipling, W. R. Makins, Col. C. W. Napier Clavering, Richard Northcott, Arthur Cecil Powell, F. N. Pryce, George Rankin, Dr, Richard J. Reece, Sir Alfred Robbins, H. G. Rosedale, M. Rosenbaum, Henry Saffler, J. Songhurst, Beniard H. Springett, W. J. Spratling, Sir Kynaston Studd, John T. Thorp, G. A. M. Taylor, J. C. F. Tower, J. E. Shurn Tuckett, Fred C. Van Duzer, Lionel Vibert, J, S. M. Ward, Dudley Wright, W. Wonnacott, John Yarker.
France: W. J. Goombes, Edmond Heisch, Albert Lantoine, Maurice Monier, Rene Raymond, D. E. Ribaucourt, Oswald Wirth.
Germany: Carl Barthel, Wilhelm Begemann, Martin Brandt, Dr. J. C. Schwabe, Alfred Seeberger, Alfred Unger.
India: Rev. C. H. Malden.
Ireland: E. H. Burne, Sir Charles A. Cameron, W. J. Chetwode Crawley, Philip Crossle, J. Heron Lepper, John Robinson, Wrn. Tait.
New Zealand: S. Clifton Bingham.
Philippine Islands: Newton C. Comfort, Charles Schou.
Russia: Nicolas Chournitzky, L. Kandaouroff, A. Lobanov Rostovsky, Boris Telepnef.
Scotland: John W. Callaghan, George Alfred Howell, W. Lawson, A. M. Mackay, Geo. M. Martin, Alfred A. A. Murray, David Reid, Dr. Lowe Turnbull, R. E. Wallace-James.
Switzerland: Ed Quartier-la-Tente.

Mention must be made of the Grand Secretaries of the General Grand Chapter, Order of the Eastern Star, personally known to the Revisor and of whose unfailing gracious courtesy and fund of information he has benefited: Rev. Willis D. Engle, Indianapolis; Mrs. Lorraine J. Pitkin, Chicago; Mrs. Minnie E. Keyes, Washington. To Nobles William B. Melish and James McGee of the Committee on History of the Shrine, and to Imperial Recorders Ben Rowell and James H. Price; to Grand Secretaries Sidney D. Smith and George E. Hatch of the Grotto, to Doctor William F. Kuhn, Christopher G. Fox, Charles A. Conover, Gustav Eitel, Henry W. Mordhurst, Ray V. Denslow, the General Grand Chapter and General Grand Council; Frank H. Johnson, Adrian Hamersly, L. P. Newby, and George T. Campbell of the Grand Encampment, Knights Templar; to Leon M. Abbott, John H. Cowles, H. W. Witcover, Perry W. Weidner, Rene Raymond, James H. Codding, James D. Richardson, John Lloyd Thomas, Wm. L. Boyden, Henry O'Kane, of the Scottish Rite, the Revisor tenders hearty thanks. Various libraries of note have been consulted. Brothers N. R. Parvin, C. C. Hunt and J. H. Tatsch, Iowa Masonic Library; J. F. Sachse, William Dick, W. J. Paterson, Dr. J. E. Burnett Buckenham, Grand Lodge Library, Philadelphia; W. L. Boyden, Supreme Council Library, Washington; Fred W. Schmerr, Cincinnati Masonic Library, and H. Sadler, W. Hammond, W. Wonnacott, G. P. G. Hills, W. R,. Makins, G. A. M. Taylor, Grand Lodge of England Library, were conspicuously of service.

Brother W. J. Songhurst of Quatuor Coronati Lodge not only through a long personal correspondence contributed freely of his fine fund of information, but allowed the full use of the libraries in his care at London.

At the British Museum the Revisor occupied a desk for some months, as was also the case at the Grand Lodge Library in London. In that city other famous collections were placed at his service, such as that of the Royal Institute of British Architects. Visits were also made to other sources of information in Europe and America and in all cases the desired data if obtainable at all was kindly placed at the Revisor's use.

To all of these considerate associates the Revisor extends this sincere expression of his gratitude. Let him not in closing omit to offer his cordial acknowledgments to his loyal Brethren of The Masonic History Company, to Walter C. Burrell, Clifford E. Burrell, and John R. Flotron, whose confident patience has endured and whose cheering faith never failed.

Intro by Mackey

A | A2 | A3 | B | B2 | C | C2 | C3 | D | E | E2 | F | G | H | I | J | K | L
M | M2 | N | O | P | P2 | Q | R | S | S2 | S3 | T | T2 | U | V | W | X | Y | Z